Rose Ausländer was born in Czernowitz, Bucovina, which at that time was part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. In 1919, she began studying literature and philosophy and developed a life-long devotion to the philosopher Constantin Brunner. In 1921, together with her friend and future husband Ignaz Ausländer, she emigrated to the United States where she worked as an editor for the newspaper Westlicher Herold, and began writing poetry. In 1927, her first poems were published in the Amerika-Herold-Kalender, and in 1939 her first volume of poems, Der Regenbogen (The Rainbow) appeared. As a Jew, Ausländer had to move into the ghetto of Czernowitz for two years and there met Paul Celan, under whose influence she modernised her poetic style. After the withdrawal of the Nazis from Czernowitz in spring 1944, she left the country again, returning to New York. After the trauma of persecution, she began writing in English and only in 1956 did she resume writing texts in German. When Ausländer published her second volume of poems, Blinder Sommer (Blind summer), in 1965, it was welcomed enthusiastically by the public. In 1967, she returned to West Germany, living in Düsseldorf where she died in 1988.
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